Plotting Spatial Data with Python and Calculating distances between points in Geodataframe

Pmlotting Spatial Data with Python and Calculating distances between points in Geodataframe¶

In [19]:

import pandas as pd
import geopandas
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

In [2]:

schools_malika = pd.read_excel('D:\Research\PROJECT\pyexeriences\Geospatial experiences\schools_in_malika_with_latlon.xlsx')

In [3]:

schools_malika.head()

Out[3]:

	Unnamed: 0	school_name	addresses	coordinates	phone_contacts	longitude	latitude
0	0	Institut Biblique, Malika Sénégal	Malika, Senegal	-17.337383, 14.796181	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181
1	1	Elementary School Malika Plage	Malika, Senegal	-17.337383, 14.796181	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181
2	2	Keur Serigne Touba	Malika Plage, Senegal	-17.3363701, 14.7963104	+221 76 002 83 91	-17.336370	14.796310
3	3	Gs Cholaye	Malika plage, Malika, Senegal	-17.3376452, 14.8007407	+221 77 381 32 10	-17.337645	14.800741
4	4	School Houddalah	Malika- Cite Sonatel Road, Senegal	-17.338977, 14.785753	NaN	-17.338977	14.785753

In [4]:

# removing 'Unnamed: 0' column
schools_malika.drop('Unnamed: 0', axis=1, inplace=True)

In [5]:

schools_malika.columns

Out[5]:

Index(['school_name', 'addresses', 'coordinates', 'phone_contacts',
       'longitude', 'latitude'],
      dtype='object')

In [6]:

# Check the last rows
schools_malika.tail()

Out[6]:

	school_name	addresses	coordinates	phone_contacts	longitude	latitude
25	French School	Keur Massar, Senegal	-17.310605, 14.7891319	NaN	-17.310605	14.789132
26	School Tinder Ndiaye Deguene	Senegal	-17.3833717, 14.7778211	NaN	-17.383372	14.777821
27	School Group Galle Nanondiral	Dakar, Senegal	-17.347285, 14.787532	NaN	-17.347285	14.787532
28	Small School Soldats	Senegal	-17.3439065, 14.7710441	+221 33 872 82 57	-17.343906	14.771044
29	Keur Serigne Touba	Unnamed Road, Senegal	-17.3461828, 14.7894696	NaN	-17.346183	14.789470

In [7]:

# The shape of our data
schools_malika.shape

Out[7]:

(30, 6)

Plotting a shapefile¶

In [9]:

geom_schools = geopandas.GeoDataFrame(schools_malika, geometry=geopandas.points_from_xy(schools_malika.longitude, schools_malika.latitude))

In [10]:

geom_schools.head()

Out[10]:

	school_name	addresses	coordinates	phone_contacts	longitude	latitude	geometry
0	Institut Biblique, Malika Sénégal	Malika, Senegal	-17.337383, 14.796181	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181	POINT (-17.33738 14.79618)
1	Elementary School Malika Plage	Malika, Senegal	-17.337383, 14.796181	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181	POINT (-17.33738 14.79618)
2	Keur Serigne Touba	Malika Plage, Senegal	-17.3363701, 14.7963104	+221 76 002 83 91	-17.336370	14.796310	POINT (-17.33637 14.79631)
3	Gs Cholaye	Malika plage, Malika, Senegal	-17.3376452, 14.8007407	+221 77 381 32 10	-17.337645	14.800741	POINT (-17.33765 14.80074)
4	School Houddalah	Malika- Cite Sonatel Road, Senegal	-17.338977, 14.785753	NaN	-17.338977	14.785753	POINT (-17.33898 14.78575)

In [14]:

#  Checking the data type of both our data
print(schools_malika.dtypes);
print('The following data are differents:')
print(geom_schools.dtypes)

school_name         object
addresses           object
coordinates         object
phone_contacts      object
longitude          float64
latitude           float64
geometry          geometry
dtype: object
The following data are differents:
school_name         object
addresses           object
coordinates         object
phone_contacts      object
longitude          float64
latitude           float64
geometry          geometry
dtype: object

In [15]:

# Dropping the coordinates column in our geom_school data
geom_schools.drop('coordinates', axis=1, inplace=True)

In [16]:

geom_schools.columns

Out[16]:

Index(['school_name', 'addresses', 'phone_contacts', 'longitude', 'latitude',
       'geometry'],
      dtype='object')

In [17]:

# plotting schools locations
geom_schools.plot()

Out[17]:

<AxesSubplot:>

In [20]:

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize = (10,10))
geom_schools.plot(ax=ax)

Out[20]:

<AxesSubplot:>

In [22]:

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(10, 10))

# Plot the data and add a legend
geom_schools.plot(categorical=True,
                         legend=True,
                         figsize=(10, 6),
                         markersize=45,
                         cmap="Set2",
                         ax=ax)
# Add a title
ax.set_title('Different schools in Malika, Dakar, Senegal')

plt.show()

In [23]:

import contextily as ctx

In [34]:

ctx.add_basemap(geom_schools.plot(figsize=(10,10)), zoom=8)

Coordinate Reference System CRS¶

Let's check if our data contains a crs

In [36]:

print(geom_schools.crs)

None

We can insert a crs for our data easily with the following method

In [37]:

geom_schools.crs = 'epsg:4326'

In [38]:

geom_schools.crs

Out[38]:

<Geographic 2D CRS: EPSG:4326>
Name: WGS 84
Axis Info [ellipsoidal]:
- Lat[north]: Geodetic latitude (degree)
- Lon[east]: Geodetic longitude (degree)
Area of Use:
- name: World.
- bounds: (-180.0, -90.0, 180.0, 90.0)
Datum: World Geodetic System 1984
- Ellipsoid: WGS 84
- Prime Meridian: Greenwich

In [50]:

ctx.add_basemap(geom_schools.plot(figsize=(20,12)), zoom = 17)

In [54]:

import osmnx as ox
dakar_region = ox.geocode_to_gdf('Dakar, Senegal')

In [55]:

dakar_region

Out[55]:

	geometry	place_name	bbox_north	bbox_south	bbox_east	bbox_west
0	MULTIPOLYGON (((-17.54902 14.74736, -17.54584 ...	Dakar, Senegal	14.887899	14.590074	-17.12061	-17.549025

In [56]:

dakar_region.plot()

Out[56]:

<AxesSubplot:>

Visualizing Shools¶

In [60]:

# Plot point locations
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 8))

dakar_region.plot(figsize=(10, 5), color='k',
               ax=ax)
# Add city locations
geom_schools.plot(ax=ax, 
                    color='springgreen', 
                    marker='*',
                    markersize=45)

Out[60]:

<AxesSubplot:>

We can see some schools in Malika in the Malika district area

Most schools are located on the main road, that's absolutely a very dangerous for kids even there will be a trafic controler. We can see a concentration of schools in the road that leading to the high way

In [63]:

data = geom_schools.copy()

In [66]:

g1 = data[data['addresses'].str.contains('Malika')]
g2 = data[data['addresses'].str.contains('Malika') == False]

In [68]:

g1.plot()

Out[68]:

<AxesSubplot:>

In [69]:

g2.plot()

Out[69]:

<AxesSubplot:>

In [79]:

g1 = g1.to_crs({'init': 'epsg:4326'})
g2 = g2.to_crs({'init': 'epsg:4326'})

d:\programm files\python 3 8 6\lib\site-packages\pyproj\crs\crs.py:53: FutureWarning: '+init=<authority>:<code>' syntax is deprecated. '<authority>:<code>' is the preferred initialization method. When making the change, be mindful of axis order changes: https://pyproj4.github.io/pyproj/stable/gotchas.html#axis-order-changes-in-proj-6
  return _prepare_from_string(" ".join(pjargs))

In [80]:

g2.crs

Out[80]:

<Geographic 2D CRS: +init=epsg:4326 +type=crs>
Name: WGS 84
Axis Info [ellipsoidal]:
- lon[east]: Longitude (degree)
- lat[north]: Latitude (degree)
Area of Use:
- name: World.
- bounds: (-180.0, -90.0, 180.0, 90.0)
Datum: World Geodetic System 1984
- Ellipsoid: WGS 84
- Prime Meridian: Greenwich

In [85]:

L1 = [14.795562203226474, -17.337780327723806]

Calculate Distance between schools¶

The main school in Malika is the elementary school Seydi Anta Gadiaga, everyone knows it there, so let's find a distance from that school to every other school around Malika within our dataset

In [86]:

data['distance'] = data[['longitude', 'latitude']].sub(np.array(L1)).pow(2).sum(1).pow(0.5)

In [87]:

data

Out[87]:

	school_name	addresses	phone_contacts	longitude	latitude	geometry	distance
0	Institut Biblique, Malika Sénégal	Malika, Senegal	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181	POINT (-17.33738 14.79618)	45.443565
1	Elementary School Malika Plage	Malika, Senegal	NaN	-17.337383	14.796181	POINT (-17.33738 14.79618)	45.443565
2	Keur Serigne Touba	Malika Plage, Senegal	+221 76 002 83 91	-17.336370	14.796310	POINT (-17.33637 14.79631)	45.442941
3	Gs Cholaye	Malika plage, Malika, Senegal	+221 77 381 32 10	-17.337645	14.800741	POINT (-17.33765 14.80074)	45.446975
4	School Houddalah	Malika- Cite Sonatel Road, Senegal	NaN	-17.338977	14.785753	POINT (-17.33898 14.78575)	45.437319
5	Daara De Malika	Dakar, Senegal	+221 77 463 39 65	-17.328278	14.790430	POINT (-17.32828 14.79043)	45.433061
6	Institution Saint Louis Marie Grignion De Malika	Malika, Senegal	+221 33 878 09 33	-17.330980	14.794662	POINT (-17.33098 14.79466)	45.437964
7	School Franco Arabic Abdoulaye Malick	Malika, Senegal	+221 77 382 60 40	-17.333222	14.781860	POINT (-17.33322 14.78186)	45.430497
8	Course Saint-Vallier	Route de la plage, Malika, Senegal	+221 77 839 17 92	-17.337383	14.796181	POINT (-17.33738 14.79618)	45.443565
9	Elementary School Seydi Anta Gadiagade Malika	Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.337636	14.795445	POINT (-17.33764 14.79545)	45.443224
10	Malika Récepteur	Unnamed Road, Senegal	+221 78 419 83 43	-17.341154	14.785254	POINT (-17.34115 14.78525)	45.438506
11	Cem Malika Plage	Unnamed Road, Senegal	+221 78 188 37 21	-17.337642	14.802873	POINT (-17.33764 14.80287)	45.448481
12	Ciga Formation Malika	Malika, Senegal	+221 77 793 64 04	-17.338803	14.805419	POINT (-17.33880 14.80542)	45.451102
13	Cpcatl	Dakar, Senegal	+221 77 764 77 51	-17.338543	14.788350	POINT (-17.33854 14.78835)	45.438849
14	Heartfulness Keur Massar	keur massar, Sénégal P.A, Senegal	+221 33 959 05 08	-17.321189	14.778684	POINT (-17.32119 14.77868)	45.419742
15	Private School Libasse Niang	Ecole Unité 17, Keur Massar, Senegal	+221 77 422 50 26	-17.326922	14.780888	POINT (-17.32692 14.78089)	45.425355
16	Ecole Pau13	Senegal	+221 77 805 57 51	-17.330103	14.770525	POINT (-17.33010 14.77052)	45.420278
17	Machalah School	Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.380348	14.787871	POINT (-17.38035 14.78787)	45.468084
18	Workshop Inventeurs Et Dessinateurs	route de la plage, Malika, Senegal	NaN	-17.337967	14.801568	POINT (-17.33797 14.80157)	45.447788
19	Private School Cheikh Hamidou Kane	Parcelles assainies Keur Massar-Malika unité 1...	NaN	-17.311941	14.786368	POINT (-17.31194 14.78637)	45.418638
20	Elementary School Seydi Anta Gadiaga	Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.337770	14.795417	POINT (-17.33777 14.79542)	45.443299
21	School Area De Recasemen De Keur Massar	Keur Massar, Senegal	NaN	-17.314980	14.787783	POINT (-17.31498 14.78778)	45.421787
22	Natangué	Keur Massar, Senegal	+221 77 742 22 69	-17.311941	14.786368	POINT (-17.31194 14.78637)	45.418638
23	School Sotrac	Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.350645	14.785273	POINT (-17.35065 14.78527)	45.445233
24	Ecole yeumbeul	Unnamed Road, Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.355541	14.780038	POINT (-17.35554 14.78004)	45.444996
25	French School	Keur Massar, Senegal	NaN	-17.310605	14.789132	POINT (-17.31060 14.78913)	45.419648
26	School Tinder Ndiaye Deguene	Senegal	NaN	-17.383372	14.777821	POINT (-17.38337 14.77782)	45.463124
27	School Group Galle Nanondiral	Dakar, Senegal	NaN	-17.347285	14.787532	POINT (-17.34728 14.78753)	45.444453
28	Small School Soldats	Senegal	+221 33 872 82 57	-17.343906	14.771044	POINT (-17.34391 14.77104)	45.430409
29	Keur Serigne Touba	Unnamed Road, Senegal	NaN	-17.346183	14.789470	POINT (-17.34618 14.78947)	45.445043

In [ ]: